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ATLANTA — About one in 10 doctors who vaccinate privately insured children are considering dropping that service largely because they are losing money when they do it, according to a new survey.

A second survey revealed startling differences between what doctors pay for vaccines and what private health insurers reimburse: For example, one in 10 doctors lost money on one recommended infant vaccine, but others made almost $40 per dose on the same shot.

The survey was revealing even to some doctors. "Many physicians really weren't aware and that they were getting reimbursed so little," said Dr. Gary Freed of the University of Michigan, a co-author of both articles published in the December issue of the journal Pediatrics.

The studies are the first to attach numbers to doctors' long-simmering complaints that they are only breaking even — or even losing money — when they give shots.

"It's a pleasure to see a real study to show we're not just making this up," said Dr. Herschel Lessin, a pediatrician in Hopewell Junction, N.Y., who said his practice's spending on vaccines more than doubled from 2006 to 2007.

Experts say there's no evidence that significant numbers of doctors are quitting the vaccination business yet because of financial concerns.

But health officials are worried. Reimbursement concerns were behind an exodus of doctors from vaccine programs in the 1980s, which contributed to a resurgence of measles in 1989-91 that caused 11,000 hospitalizations and 123 deaths.

This year, U.S. measles cases rose to the highest level in more than a decade, mainly because some parents are opting out of getting their kids vaccinated.

Health officials fear that problem, along with doctors' economic concerns, could set the stage for bigger outbreaks in the future.

"This is a very important wake-up call," said Dr. Lance Rodewald of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, referring to the two new studies.

The studies did not look at the 50 percent or more of vaccinations paid for by the government, which generally provides free vaccines to doctors and covers administrative fees.

However, most pediatricians are likely to keep giving vaccinations to kids, partly because of altruism and partly because giving shots drives business, Lessin said.